Interviewer: Is there- a special name for these- these different types of ploughs? Speaker: Oh well yeah, this here is what you call a riding plough. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Speaker: That looks like a two-for a plough there. This'd be a disc. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: Disc-harrow, they were called. This here is the- what they would call the walking plough.

Interviewer: Ah, what other types of horse-drawn machinery would you have? Speaker: Oh, well, or- all kinds. Heavens, there was the disk harrow, and there'd be a harrow. Roller. That was for rolling the ground after the field were sown, to make them smooth. And minder, for cutting the grown. Mower, for mowing the hay. Horse (inc).

Speaker: And he'd disk it all up, like in ready for- and then he'd take the harrows and he'd go to the harrows, and then he'd take the cedar and he'd seed them. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: And ah then he'd harrow again. And c-- to cover the grain like this. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: It was a lot of work on the farm. But ah we never had a tractor on our place at all.

Speaker: Ah, we- it was pretty rough job ploughing it but they- Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: They used ploughs. And, ah, ah, at the- the very first, all I had was ploughs and a drag harrow. Just drew by horses.

Speaker: Well, I guess, ah, they're- where they- they ploughed it out of, they called that the furrow and ah, I know- I don't know what else we'd say. Interviewer: Yeah. And then you said you used a- a harrow drag next? Speaker: Yes, just a drag harrow. Interviewer: A drag harrow. Speaker: Drag harrow. Interviewer: Sorry, I got the- (laughs) I didn't know that. And what would that do? Speaker: Well that levelled, you see. Interviewer: Yeah. Speaker: It was just- ah, the harrow, it had teeth. Interviewer: Yes. Speaker: Ah, it was an iron affair. Well, in fact there was a- the very first there was- was a sheet of pins roll down through a wooden- ah, wood. And, ah, made- but the- the drag harrow, it had teeth on both- that'd be six inches long.

Interviewer: Oh so you just say that that field's been ploughed. Speaker: Mm-hm. Interviewer: And then back- Speaker: Broken up. Interviewer: Mm? Speaker: Broken up. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: Mm-hm. Interviewer: And then after that you said you'd use the harrow? Speaker: The harrow or the- or the- or the, ah, disk.

Speaker: The harrow or the- or the- or the, ah, disk. Interviewer: Yeah. Speaker: However if you used the disk sometimes there was a (inc) Interviewer: Did they both do the same thing? Speaker: Oh yes. Well now, I don't know. I think maybe the- the disk went- the harrow smoothes them over. Interviewer: So like- Speaker: Yes. Interviewer: Running a- Speaker: But this cuts them up finely. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: Gets them all ready for grain.

Interviewer 1: Now you mentioned another word when you were talking about that. Harrow. Harrowing. Speaker: Yeah. Interviewer 1: What's that? Speaker: Well it's not the same harrowing as what you get now. Because i-- you get harrowed now with the government (laughs) Interviewer 2: (laughs) Speaker: The- y-- y-- the harrows- Interviewer 2: Like harrow (inc) Speaker: Norma-- normally the- it was ah, i-- in a diamond shape. And they're like spikes. They'd be- if they weren't wore down they'd be about that long. Interviewer 1: Yeah. Speaker: So you had a- a grid of steel this way, and then this way. And in the corners of the diamonds was all the pegs for the harrows. And what your harrows did, if- and this i-- when they changed um- when they changed things around and w-- got rid of the horses, and got tractors, if you're driving through the country now you can see all kinds of steep old hills and where there was fence bottoms.