Interviewer: Did you make your own bacon? Speaker: Mm, for bread. Interviewer: Not ba-- bacon, you-know, from the- from the pig. Speaker: No we didn't. We didn't have no bacon here. Interviewer: Mm. Speaker: 'Twas the salted pork, you-know?

It was a machine and it was like a big wheel. Great big wheel. And, ah, that wheel went round and in order to make it run the dog was tied on it. And as the dog walked on it like this, it made the wheel go. And the wheel made the- the- the churn- the dash of the churn go so that they, ah- that's what they called it, the dog churn

Interviewer: What other animals did you have on the farm? What else, 'sides the sheep? Speaker: Well, they generally had a dog, and they had the first power machine that was, ah- I ever heard of was a dog churn.

Speaker: And there used to be a top up on them like to keep the sun off you. We call that a carriage here. And ah then they had a ah just a buggy with- like an open buggy. They call that a- a- a- a- buggy too, or a double buggy. Yeah like there was a seat in seat in the back and seat in the front. You could make a buggy out of it if you wanted, but there just to- you could go to town take it just to town or-anything-like-that.

No. We, ah, had a nice supper up there, and a neighbour man brought us double buggy, and, ah, my brothers, well they had a buggy load of their own, do-you-see. Ah, and they all come to the, ah, station and brought us at about twelve-o'-clock at night. And we got on the train there, and we went up to, ah, Goodland.

Then we had the ah, wagon. I guess that's just the buggy and the wagon. We had a couple of buggies, we got another one from a sale or something and we had it. Interviewer: Um, a buggy that had more than one seat would have a special name, would it? Speaker: Double buggy. Interviewer: Oh yes? Speaker: Sometimes they'd call them the express, I don't know whether that was maybe just a local way of saying it. But double buggy was usually two seats.

They used ploughs. And, ah, ah, at the- the very first, all I had was ploughs and a drag harrow. Just drew by horses.

Speaker: Well, I guess, ah, they're- where they- they ploughed it out of, they called that the furrow and ah, I know- I don't know what else we'd say. Interviewer: Yeah. And then you said you used a- a harrow drag next? Speaker: Yes, just a drag harrow. Interviewer: A drag harrow. Speaker: Drag harrow. Interviewer: Sorry, I got the- (laughs) I didn't know that. And what would that do? Speaker: Well that levelled, you see. ... It was just- ah, the harrow, it had teeth. ... Ah, it was an iron affair. Well, in fact there was a- the very first there was- was a sheet of pins roll down through a wooden- ah, wood. And, ah, made- but the- the drag harrow, it had teeth on both- that'd be six inches long.

Speaker: A rail fence is we used to call them, but then there was the rail fence, they made them into the crab fence or the shed fence, or then there was another one they called the Draper fence around here. How it got the name of Draper, because there was a Draper man that started to build it. And it went by the name of Draper-Fence. Yeah. Interviewer: And what was that like? Speaker: Well, it was- it was like this you-see? And then there was rings down here and there was ring- ring up here on top of it, just like that. Oh there's lots of them through the country.

Interviewer: What did you- what did- kind of road was it? What was it? Speaker: Oh, old road in the wintertime with maybe snow this high. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Speaker: Full of pitch-holes between drifts. Mm, boys, they got what they called a ah- a frame sleigh with long runners. They were desperate.

Speaker: Because it- if you ever plough it up it'll just drift away. Out around Munster here, there's an awful lot of it. It'll drift out in big drifts along the fences of (inc). Snow in the winter. Interviewer: Um, do you have any ah, low lying grassland anywhere? Speaker: No, that's not- not much of it here. There is some swampy stuff.

And of course, the road wasn't open so when we hit a snow drift if we just happened to tumble out, that was quite the ordinary thing of the day and we just pulled up the big blankets and jumped in.

Interviewer: Mm-hm. What ah- what do you call the soil that's not very good, that's very poor? Speaker: Well ah real drift sand's bad. There's lots of it around.

Speaker: Oh, there would be cutters, ah, driving sleighs. Bobsleighs. Sloops. Interviewer: What's a sloop? Speaker: Well, that'd be two- two sleighs with ah, um, bobsleigh would be- would one with the runner on it, and then up- and then it was another piece come across and went down at the back. Well, the sloops, they didn't have this- they were just made this way, and the- the- but ah, little piece put in there, and the bunk was put on that.

Speaker: And then they had the heavy sleighs for hauling logs and-stuff. Interviewer: Now what they were called? Speaker: They ah- we used to call them the sloops. Interviewer: Mm-hm. And what about the double- the- the pair? Speaker: And the big double one, I think they were just a double sleigh or-something-like-that maybe. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: We never had one of them. We had these sloops, and the frame sleigh and cutter.

Driving-sleigh, we called it. And ah, then there was the sloops, for carrying- or for drawing logs, or poles, or wood.

Mm. Well, um, most of the beds had a feather tick, plus a straw mattress, and then a feather tick, and ah the feather tick, the feathers would shift around, you had to level them off when you made the bed

Interviewer: Well would he be the um- the engineer? Speaker: Or the fireman, or the breakman, or the conductor.

Well, at the beginning it was set in pans, big flat pans, and then, when the cream had raise to the top, there was what they called a skimmer of ten, with the little holes in it, and you'd just slip that under the cream, and put it in a special container, 'til you had enough to churn.

Speaker: Well I never- never went up the river at all, see much about it, but I used to draw wood from the edge of it. I just had to pull off of the- do-you-see? And that's where they couldn't get a carter for, and I could make good money out of it. They weren't stinging at all. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: Sticking. Interviewer: How did they get the wood there? Speaker: Ah- w-- h-- well, it floated down, do-you-see. Interviewer: Uh-huh, from where? Speaker: Ah, all up along the river, do-you-see, where they were cutting wood and-everything. There were all full of woodlands up there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Speaker: Big mills and-everything. Interviewer: How would they get it down the river? How would they float it down? Speaker: It would float down itself with the high water. Interviewer: Just- did they tie them up? Or- Speaker: No no, ju-- just- just floatwood. And they got it for nothing. Interviewer: Oh yeah. Speaker: Float in there at the shore, do-you-see, and come d-- down an awful lot of a- stuff between logs, do-you-see, coming down. And then when they took the logs out of the water, they were all free. Oh, you know, when there's- when they were in Arnprior.