And in nineteen- nineteen-seventeen uh, all the able bodied men were- were overseas, so they're taken on boys any ages for to work in the mills.

Oh, mostly ironware. Frying pans, and pots for potato- for cooking potatoes and vegetable, and ah- a big iron pot for cooking what we need for to feed hens or- or-that, um-

Oh, they were- I think they were mostly log-buildings, and um, they had what they called scoops or-something on the roof, I-don't-know, hollowed-out logs, for to- and they put the hollowed log down with the scoo-- ah the hollow up- and then they put another log over two of them, to close the- the space between.

And then you'd have the neighbours in so many- oh, not- maybe eight, ten men or-something-like-that, less than threshing- and um, they carried the poles to the saw, and there were saw- and the wood was left like that, and then in the summertime, in spare time, it was split into smaller sticks for to put in the cook-stove.

And then there was a poisonous, a kind of a felt-like there, and dark, and it had some kind of a liquid, and you put a little water and-that, and put it on the- on a plate, and put it around, and it poisoned flies, the flies would eat it and be poisoned. But then later on, however, farming, we had sprays for the barns and everything for to keep them down.

And sometimes we used to put hay in the bottom of the sleigh and frame. We used to call it a frame sleigh, that's what we used to call it, a frame sleigh. And maybe there'd be ten or twelve of us go out in that sleigh for a drive and sit on- to a party or-something.

Speaker: Well, we had a car. Frame-sleigh. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: We had a frame-sleigh used to go to church, frame-sleigh. Interviewer: Again with two, four horses or- Speaker: Two horses.

Speaker: What they called a frame sleigh. One big long runner and a nice box on it. Two seats. That was for going to town in the wintertime.

Mm, boys, they got what they called a ah- a frame sleigh with long runners. They were desperate.

Speaker: Oh well the frame sleigh was a big long runner. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: Single- and then they had a pair. They were nicer for the pitcholes. Didn't get them the same.

Interviewer: Yeah. They come earlier don't they? And the other kind where the flesh is- Speaker: Freestone.

Well, ah, but you'd have to freshen, before you milk her, though.

The cattle were- they'd be freshen them 'til the spring, and they did it on the grass.

Well of course now it's a cow freshened.

Interviewer: Now in the house where you lived, what did you call a space just under the roof? Speaker: Ah we- just a crawlspace in the house I was bo-- I was born in. Interviewer: Mm-hm. If it was the type where you stored things in, what would you ca-- Speaker: Well you have attic or garret.

Interviewer: ... well what did you do before you started to teach? Did you just go from grade-eight? Speaker: I just went from- I just- no, no. From- I went from gr-- it was known as um- it- we- g-- I went from grade-thirteen. Interviewer: So you could go in the same school, the Elgin-Ward school? Speaker: Oh no, I went to the high-school. Interviewer: I see.

Interviewer: What other little buildings for animals did you have? Or for- did you have a- a s-- separate building for storing the grain? Or did you- Speaker: Oh yes, for the granary. Interviewer: Yeah. Speaker: Oh yes for the granaries- they were right beside the byre. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: By the byre.

Interviewer: Can you think of any other buildings that- that we haven't talked about that you had? Speaker: No, all we had was just the- the granary. That's where we kept the grain. Interviewer: Yeah. Yes. Speaker: And the haymows where we kept the hay.

Interviewer: Mm-hm. Where did you store the grain? Speaker: You had to have a granary. Had to have a granary for it. Interviewer: What d-- what was it like? Speaker: Just an ordinary building with a good tight floor and good tight walls.

Interviewer: Where did the grain go? Speaker: Well, sometimes you'd set up- at that time they had a lot of uh, uh, wooden granaries- Interviewer: Yes. Speaker: And they'd have a- a whole up near the top and they just maybe- Interviewer: They'd actually thrash into the granary? Speaker: That's where you'd- that- And then sometimes they- they had wagons and the wagons took them right out- they weren't too far from town ...